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BOX Newsletter 1, September 25, 2003
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Nearly 100 Firms Have Filed BOX Application

 

As of September 25, 2003, applications for status as a BOX Participant have been submitted by nearly 100 broker/dealer firms. Over one-third of them plan to act as Market Makers on BOX from the start of trading. The remainder are either purely agency firms or professional traders acting for their own accounts. A complete list will be provided on the BOX website in the coming weeks.

 

Public Comment at SEC Ended September 12, 2003

 

There are three rule filings before the SEC which must be approved by the Commission prior to the launch of trading on BOX:

  • procedures governing the allocation of Market Maker appointments during the launch phase (the BSE "Allocation Plan")
  • rules describing the regulatory relationship between the BOX market and the Boston Stock Exchange (the "Delegation Plan")
  • third filing of the BOX market trading rules

These may be viewed/downloaded by clicking here.

The public comment period for these filings ended September 12, 2003. Roughly 220 separate filings were received by the SEC, coming from broker dealers and clients active in the options markets as well as the existing exchanges. These comments may be viewed on the SEC website by clicking here. Of these, only eleven (11) were negative and half of those were filed by BOX's future competitors. Excerpts from the positive letters include:


Chicago trading firm

"BOX represents a break from the traditional market model in which special trading rights are granted to the few in the hope that markets will be more orderly. In contrast to this view, the BOX enables all market participants to compete on a more level playing field. We support this view and believe that active and eager participation by the broadest possible set of investors is the best guaranty of deep and liquid markets. With a transparent trading model, all-electronic execution, lower costs, and minimal distinctions between trading participants, the BOX’s market model is a quite simply a better way to trade options."


New York trading firm

"... the proposed price improvement period (PIP) mechanism proposed short duration is a protection for the party submitting the order against being free-rolled versus a market in motion.

The duration of the (PIP)mechanism is more than long enough for a full and complete price-discovery process to take place given the growth in automation of many trading firms. The propose (PIP) rules are a deterent, not an aid to internalization.
"


Market making firm

"As a potential market-maker for the BOX we are anxiously awaiting your approval of the format. It is our belief that this system will encourage price improvement on options orders which will benefit everyone, most notably the customer. Significant gains have been made in pricing options equitably and I believe this system will continue the progress."


Market making firm

"..it is extremely importantthat ..(BOX)...is being set up as a flat and open market structure, not as a "franchise" for specialists. Second, it's technology, price structure and qualifications for participation make it accessible to virtually all market makers which will ultimatlyprovide the greatest depth and liquidity. Third, the BOX will have a system which will be a competitive market in its truest form, using a strict price/time algorithm which will not and cannot discriminate between participants. "


Brokerage firm

"...enthusiastic supporter of this effort as of any effort to increase competition that will result in improved pricing and costs to the investing public. (BOX will).... be electronic, cost efficient, provide ease of entry to the order execution firms, and provide an alternative to the traditional establishments...(it is) very obvious that the primary beneficiary of the successful implementation would be the public. History clearly provides us with the evidence that increased competition coupled with transparency results in tighter spreads, deeper markets and greater liquidity. All of that should provide the customers- the public- with better executions and lower costs. "


European market maker

"...are market makers on a number of derivatives exchanges around the world, including Amsterdam, London, Frankfurt, Sydney and Hong Kong... transparent, open, cost-efficient and competitive markets are in the best interest of customers, liquidity providers and order-flow providers alike..BOX supports these market characteristics.

BOX has very low entry barriers and a favorable fixed and variable cost structure for market makers. This will lead to increased competition and to smaller bid-ask spreads...full time priority rules (with the exception of the PIP) create strong incentive for market makers to improve bid-ask spreads... (ou) experience after the implementation of electronic markets in Europe has shown that the principle of time-priority combined with anonymity creates narrower bid-ask spreads. Also, we expect enhanced competition between liquidity providers on price, speed and technology, because no market participant will be in the structurally privileged position of specialist/DPM. All factors discussed above will decrease the implicit costs of trading for customers.

 

 


Private investor

"I am an investor and retail options trade...I am interested in the best price when my order reaches a market, the lowest cost, best order routing and most importantly, the integrity of the price market. After reading Chapter V, Section 18 (of the BSE) rules that describe the Price Improvement Period, I perceive this model to be more beneficial to a public customer like myself than the current national best bid/best offer system."


Private investor

"As a private investor with over 25 years options trading experience, I should like to express my view that the introduction of the BOX and its attendant rules would be a triumph for the small investor over the Wall Street powerhouse, and help level what is now a very uneven playing field. "


Brokerage firm


"We believe that BOX will bring to the options marketplace the best of all possible worlds, automation, low cost and transparency, coupled with price improvment. This most certainly leads to greater liquidity and tighter spreads. This ultimately benefits investors.
"


Fund

"(BOX's) electronic structure, low transaction costs, the display of the five best limits for each option, and low barriers to entry will only improve liquidity, transparency, and spreads in the US options market. The BOX model will bring many potential liquidity providers into the marketplace that do not want to manage the logistics of floor based market making and do not want to pay a large price of entry into an electronic marketplace."


Private trader

"Ignoring consumers and preventing or crippling the BOX at the request of the existing options infrastructure and firms would be nothing more than legislating theft from my and other traders pockets into theirs."


Independent trader

"As a 13 year member of the CBOE I would like to voice my support for "BOX" as well as all platforms that provide transparent markets."


Chicago market maker

"As a current CBOE market maker and potential BOX participant, I would urge the SEC to move forward with its approval... This new exchange offers instant access to all levels of participants and market makers. It will have the obvious benefits of an electronic exchange, superior execution capabilities, yet it will not be the closed club the ISE is, where a limited number for market makers control the pricing. Flat and open with a large number of participants providing tight and deep markets. "


Professional trader

"As a professional and licensed trader for 25 years....I am in full agreement of the Price-improvement characteristics being suggested by the Boston Option Exchange. I traded an option on Upjohn on the first day the CBOE opened in 1973 (at the ripe old age of 20)

My trading in options in recent years has greatly diminished due to the egregious minimum spreads set by the various option exchanges. The BOX is attempting to greatly improve those prices. Should this proposed PIP take effect, I am certain that my option trading would increase by leaps and bounds (in quantity). "

 
Brokerage firm

"One noticeable improvement of the BOX over existing exchanges is that the membership structure is very open and cost effective, encouraging an unlimited number of liquidity providers to compete for our clients' business. More competition results in tighter spreads and deeper markets, both of which benefit our clients. Also, strict time priority, as opposed to existing Auto-Ex formats, encourage market makers to proactively improve markets as opposed to waiting for "their turn to trade." Once again, this will result in more competitive markets for our clients. The electronic format of the exchange ensures anonymity, eliminating the "crowd mentality" ...and the electronic platform will result in lower execution costs... creating opportunity to pass on savings to our clients. The quote request function will also allow me to seek out additional liquidity for large orders, once again increasing the chances of executing our client orders at more favorable prices. Finally, the ability of the BOX to provide market makers with a mechanism to honor a better market on another exchange will streamline my execution process, and will reduce the need to chase bids and offers on other exchanges.

In summary, the addition of the BOX as a new options marketplace will only help improve the quality of markets and executions in the options industry, and will help to eliminate many of the frustrations firms like ours have endured in recent years. Most importantly, the BOX appears to provide only benefits for our clients, and it is their interests that we need to protect."


Brokerage firm

"....strongly feels that the BOX will be an improvement over the current floor based exchanges... just by its open market structure, (BOX) will assist SSGM in providing for better quality executions for options trading. The unfettered and equal access to the order book that provides for strict time/price priority will allow all options trades to be executed at or better than the NBBO. This feature, in the current environment that involves a great focus on "best execution", will allow for greater execution quality of customer trades. The full automation that includes straight through processing of transactions and the minimal cost of entry will provide for lower executions costs and create the opportunity...to pass savings on to our customers. We believe the BOX platform offers the possibility of providing superior execution capabilities relative to other electronic exchanges (ISE). The greatest advantage of the BOX platform is more exposure to a greater number of market participants, which should, in turn, provide for greater opportunity for price improvement and liquidity. "


Brokerage firm

"BOX is a unique opportunity for customers, broker dealers, and market makers to receive fast, simple, cost effective and unrestricted access to execute their options business. BOX does not discriminate not does it discourage entry into the system. It in factencourages all participants regardless of what particular types of business they are looking to execute. All orders are live, and accessible to all participants. The multiple market maker system, encourages competition and will result in more liquidity, better prices and smaller spreads.

BOX features a unique mini-auction which will allow orders an opportunity to be price improved rather than executed at the NBBO as they are filled on other Exchanges. This mini-auction is fast and totally automated and will enable customer to receive improved prices.

This system will allow customers the opportunity for better prices at lower costs. Isn't that what it's all about? This is what the Commission should focus on and not how its competitors and opponents are trying to discourage a better way to do business."


Market making firm

"...strongly supports (BOX because)

Lower Cost of access: fully electronic... coupled with absence of a seat requirement will virtually eliminate typical barrier to entry for many smaller market makers...minimal fixed costs in conjunction with low cost of execution will attract new market makers and enhance competition, improving pricing for the public customer.

Faster Execution: ...faster executions, faster reporting of trades to all market participants... allows all participants the ability to better gauge their positions and will enhance market liquidity...eliminate unnecessary errors by reporting trades in a timely manner.

More Competitive Market: ...create a more competitive environment allowing greater access than any current exchange, electronic or open outcry. By attracting a great number of smaller market makers along with larger broker dealers and liquidity providers BOX will allow the same access for all levels of market participants...(and) lead to a robust trading environment that can only benefit the public customer by providing the most efficient pricing available.

In summation... the introduction of the BOX will dramatically improve the current options marketplace."

BOX Price Improvement Versus "Internalization"

 

Since the beginning of the BOX project, the five existing options exchanges have repeatedly attempted to characterize the BOX PIP as "nothing more than an internalization machine". BOX and its supporters of course believe that nothing could be further from the truth and provides excerpts from three letters filed with the SEC in support of BOX in rebuttal.

 

Citigroup Global Markets Inc

  Interactive Brokers Group LLC   Crédit Suisse First Boston

 

"Some commenters have asserted that because the BOX model promotes internalization, it is inherently disadvantageous for investors. Citigroup disagrees... best execution is the single most important criteria in evaluating market structure for equality and fairness to investors. ...the traditional options exchange model is based on the assumption that orders are sent to the floor where they are exposed to other orders and the potential for price improvement...However, all of the traditional options exchanges have an automated system for executing small orders that arrive electronically, which represents the vast majority of retail orders. These systems execute these electronic orders at the current BBO with no exposure to nor any opportunity for price improvement. As a result, any order that is exposed to the Price Improvement Period (the "PIP") electronic auction process on the BOX (which guarantees at least $1 per contract of price improvement) would be a better execution from the client perspective."

 

 

 

"The existing exchanges are hoping to prevent approval of BOX by invoking the bogeyman of internalization. But internalization is happening now at all the existing exchanges, where the trading crowd and the specialist provide direct or indirect payment for order flow and then internalize the orders at the NBBO. On BOX, there will not be payment for order flow, and internalization will occur only among the best bidders at prices better than the NBBO.

Internalization is bad when it refers to a lack of competition that leads to inferior prices and it is good when it is used to provide an incentive to expose orders to a competitive process resulting in superior prices."

 

"...Certain market participants have sought to represent the BOX as an 'internalization' exchange. We believe that this characterization is incorrect and that the BOX should in fact provide a much fairer, more transparent, and more competitive marketplace for order-flow providers to compete to trade their own customers' orders. All of the existing exchanges have rules which guarantee order-flow providers the ability to interact with some percentage of their own orders, once they have been displayed to the crowd of market-makers physically present on the exchange floor at the time of order entry. We believe that the BOX's 'PIP' order process represents a much more thorough price-discovery process, which will result in materially better price improvement for option investors. Further, the electronic nature of this auction process allows it to be controlled and monitored carefully to ensure that every single order has been handled correctly and fairly."

For a view of how the PIP actually works, click here to transfer to a demo on the BOX website (select the choice "PIP Demo" on the menu at the right on the website page).

 

Boston Options Exchange Highlights & Advantages

 

 

 

Fully Automated - Fully electronic equity options exchange.

 

 

 

 

Low Entry Costs - No seats to buy or rent.

 

Price and Time Priority - orders will be handled on a strict price/time priority without a specialist controlling the price. There is no wheel for "allocating" trades that disincents competition.

 

 

Price Improvement Auctions – BOX includes a unique electronic mini-auction that will attract, subject to price improvement, orders that would otherwise be printed elsewhere at the NBBO.

 

Multiple, Competing Market Makers - BOX places no limits on the number of market makers who may continuously quote on a given options class. They compete equally on a price and time basis.

 

 

Anonymous - BOX does not provide information on broker identification when an order is displayed in the order book. Furthermore, BOX does not provide counterparty identification for trade executions. This anonymity encourages competition, rather than the "herd mentality" which discourages price competition at some exchanges.

 

Simple Cost Structure - traders only pay when they trade, there are no annual fees. No trade execution fees for public customer orders.


  Transparent - Order book broadcasting five best price limits allows traders to see market depth.

Open Architecture – Each trader may connect whatever trading system he wishes.
 

Equal Treatment of Orders - BOX does not discriminate order priority on the basis of the type of account. All orders on the BOX book are available to all traders on a first come, first served basis with no limitation on professional order executions.



Target for Opening - Fourth Quarter 2003
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